Performance & Optimization
Reading RPC Rate-Limit Headers: X-RateLimit and Retry-After
Learn how to read RateLimit and Retry-After headers on every RPC response, pace requests before a 429, and measure your endpoint's real ceiling.
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147Latest articles
Integration & API Design
JSON-RPC Idempotency: Preventing Duplicate Writes on Retry
Why a timed-out JSON-RPC write may already have executed, and how to build an at-most-once client using nonces, transaction hashes, and check-then-resend.
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Replacement Transaction Underpriced: Fix Stuck EVM Transactions
Diagnose and resolve the 'replacement transaction underpriced' error by understanding mempool replacement rules and executing a correct fee bump or cancel.
Read articleReliability & Consistency
Multi-Endpoint RPC Consistency: Head Lag and Conflicting Reads
Why the same JSON-RPC query returns different data from different endpoints, and the pinning, monotonicity, and quorum discipline that makes multi-endpoint reads reproducible.
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RPC API Key Rotation: Zero-Downtime Credential Lifecycle
A mechanism-level playbook for rotating RPC API keys, JWTs, and project IDs without dropping a single request.
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RPC Request Hedging: Cut Tail Latency Across Endpoints
Learn how request hedging collapses p99 latency for read-only JSON-RPC calls by racing duplicate requests across independent endpoints and cancelling the loser.
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RPC Connection Reuse and HTTP/2 Keep-Alive: Why New Connections Cost Latency
Learn how TCP/TLS handshakes, HTTP/1.1 keep-alive pools, and HTTP/2 multiplexing affect JSON-RPC latency, reliability, and error patterns.
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RPC WebSocket Reconnect Without Data Loss: Gap Detection and Backfill
Reconnecting a WebSocket is easy; proving you missed nothing is the hard part. Learn cursor-based gap detection and bounded backfill for Ethereum, Solana, Sui, and Substrate.
Read articleNetwork & Protocol Guides
Solana Commitment Levels: processed vs confirmed vs finalized
How Solana's processed, confirmed and finalized commitment levels change what every RPC read returns, and how to choose one deliberately.
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Multi-Region RPC Failover: Latency-Aware Routing and Health-Based Failover
Design multi-region, multi-endpoint RPC failover so a provider, region, or node failure degrades latency instead of breaking your app.
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